The old model was already broken
The system of trading hours for dollars was designed for the factory floor and never really fit knowledge work. A salaried contract promises outcomes, not forty hours in a chair — but the culture around it never updated the contract. We kept managing by presence and measuring by busyness long after the work stopped looking like a production line.
As The Value Shift puts it: “The system of trading hours for dollars, managing by presence, and measuring by busyness was already broken. Automation is forcing us to face it.” Work-from-home was a prototype for this shift — proof that outcome-based work functions — yet most leaders reverted to counting attendance the moment they could.
Here’s the reframe that does the heavy lifting: presence has been replaced by engagement. Engagement isn’t activity for its own sake — it’s the output that emerges from activity. And of a typical eight-hour day, only about two hours is high-value work; the other six hours of execution is exactly what automation is coming for first. A culture still organized around filling those six hours is optimizing for the part of the job that’s disappearing.